| Editors | Tutors |
| Focus on the text | Focus on the writer’s development and win the writer’s trust |
| Take ownership of the text | Make sure the writer takes ownership |
| Proofread | Start with higher-order concerns and worry about correctness last |
| Give advice | Ask questions |
| Read silently | Ask the writer to read aloud |
| Look mainly for things to improve | Comment on things that are working well |
| Work with an ideal text | Trust the writer’s idea of a text |
| Make corrections on the page | Keep hands off and let writers make corrections; help them learn correctness |
| Tell writers what to do | Ask them their plans for revision |