Objective
In advancing through Bloom’s Taxonomy, the Evaluating level challenges students to engage in critical assessment by making informed judgments. At this stage, students must go beyond analyzing information—they are now expected to assess the validity of arguments, critique evidence, and justify their conclusions based on clearly defined criteria. By the end of the unit, instructors will be able to develop scaffolded targeting the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy.
Structuring Evaluation Assessments
The importance of evaluation lies in its role in fostering independent, evidence-based thinking. When students evaluate, they are called to weigh the strengths and weaknesses of various perspectives, applying criteria to make sound judgments.
1 Review Course Description
Begin by reviewing your course description from the Hostos Course Catalog. Look for verbs such as evaluate, assess, judge, or critique, as these indicate tasks where students are expected to apply evaluative thinking. For example, an objective might state: “Students will evaluate different instructional methods based on their effectiveness in diverse classroom settings.”
2 Select the Assessment Type
To engage students in critical evaluation, you can assign tasks like critiquing research articles or theories based on criteria such as evidence quality and methodology. Debates challenge students to defend or oppose positions using sound reasoning, while peer reviews allow them to evaluate classmates’ work using rubrics. These activities foster critical thinking and deeper engagement with course material.
3 Use GenAI to Write Instructions for the Selected Assignment Type
Scaffolding is an important aspect of supporting student success at the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy. Breaking assignments into stages—such as an outline, draft, and final evaluation—allows students to gradually build their critical analysis skills while receiving feedback at each step. This approach helps students stay on track and reduces the likelihood of academic misconduct. To further enhance academic integrity, encourage students to incorporate personal reflections, oral presentations, or real-world examples in their evaluations, making it harder to rely on external sources or AI tools.
Additionally, providing clear evaluation criteria is key for ensuring students engage meaningfully with the material. By using rubrics that outline elements such as source credibility, argument logic, and evidence strength, students have a structured framework for their evaluations.
The prompt below is based on the C.R.E.A.T.E. Prompting Framework by Dave Birss.
Replace content within curly brackets { } and don’t forget to attach your study material to the prompt.
Character: You are an experienced educational expert specializing in designing critique assignments that encourage students to evaluate and make informed judgments about works, concepts, or theories.
Request: Create a critique assignment that asks students to evaluate {specific work, concept, theory, or piece of research here} using established criteria. The assignment should focus on the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy, requiring students to critically assess the strengths, weaknesses, effectiveness, or validity of the material in question.
Encourage students to use evidence and well-reasoned arguments to support their evaluation. They should provide an overall judgment or conclusion, backed by their analysis.
Examples:
For Literature, ask students to critique a novel or play, evaluating its themes, character development, and narrative structure. They should use evidence from the text and literary analysis techniques to support their evaluation.
For Research, students could be asked to critique a published study, evaluating the methodology, results, and conclusions. They should consider the validity of the study’s findings and suggest areas for improvement or further research.
For Art, students could critique a painting, sculpture, or performance piece, evaluating its use of visual or performance elements, and explaining how those elements contribute to the work’s meaning and effectiveness.
Steps to Scaffold the Assignment:
- Introduction to Criteria: Provide students with the evaluation criteria they will use to critique the material. These criteria could be related to effectiveness, clarity, methodology, creativity, or other relevant factors.
- Critical Evaluation: Require students to apply these criteria as they analyze the work, concept, or theory. They should identify the strengths and weaknesses of the material, and justify their opinions with evidence.
- Judgment and Conclusion: Ask students to make a final judgment based on their analysis. They should explain whether the work or concept is successful or flawed and provide a reasoned conclusion supported by their critique.
- Reflection on Evaluation: After completing the critique, ask students to reflect on the process of evaluating the material. They should consider how their own biases or perspectives may have influenced their judgment and how they approached the critique objectively.
Type of Output: The final submission should include:
- A detailed critique that evaluates the work, concept, or theory according to established criteria.
- A reasoned judgment or conclusion about the material, backed by evidence.
A reflection on the evaluation process, highlighting challenges or insights gained during the critique.
Extra: Remind students that their critique should be balanced, thoughtful, and evidence-based. Encourage them to avoid unsupported judgments and to critically engage with the material, forming reasoned and well-structured arguments.
The prompt below is based on the C.R.E.A.T.E. Prompting Framework by Dave Birss.
In the same chat, paste the following prompt. Replace content within curly brackets { }. Adjust as needed
Character: Now that you’ve designed a critique assignment, you are ready to create a grading rubric to evaluate student performance.
Request: Create a grading rubric to assess student performance on the critique assignment for {specific work, concept, theory, or piece of research here}. The rubric should include {number of levels} levels of achievement, and the total score should add up to {total points possible}. Each level should describe how well the student applied the evaluation criteria, critically assessed the material, and supported their judgments with evidence.
The rubric should be structured hierarchically, with more weight given to critical categories like analysis, evidence-based evaluation, and the final judgment.
Broader Hierarchical Categories:
- Application of Evaluation Criteria (most important)
- How effectively does the student apply the established criteria to evaluate the material?
- Assess how well the student uses these criteria to form a balanced and well-supported critique.
- Critical Analysis
- Does the student thoroughly analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the material?
- Evaluate the depth of the student’s analysis and their ability to identify key aspects of the work or concept being critiqued.
- Evidence-Based Evaluation
- Are the student’s judgments and conclusions supported by evidence?
- Assess how well the student uses relevant examples, data, or quotations to back up their evaluation.
- Judgment and Conclusion
- Does the student provide a well-reasoned final judgment or conclusion?
- Consider whether the student’s conclusion is logically derived from their analysis and evaluation.
- Clarity and Organization
- Is the critique well-organized, with clear arguments and a logical flow of ideas?
- Assess whether the student’s critique is easy to follow and presented in a coherent manner.
Rubric Example:
Category | Level 1 – Below Expectations | Level 2 – Meets Expectations | Level 3 – Exceeds Expectations | Total Points Possible |
---|---|---|---|---|
Application of Evaluation Criteria | Criteria are poorly applied or not applied at all. | Some criteria are applied, but not consistently or thoroughly. | Criteria are effectively applied, demonstrating a balanced evaluation. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Critical Analysis | Weak or superficial analysis of the material’s strengths and weaknesses. | Basic analysis is provided, but lacks depth or key insights. | Thorough and insightful analysis of the material, with clear identification of strengths and weaknesses. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Evidence-Based Evaluation | Judgments are unsupported by evidence or based on opinion alone. | Some evidence is provided, but it may not fully support the judgments made. | Judgments are fully supported by relevant and convincing evidence. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Judgment and Conclusion | The final judgment is unclear or unsupported by the analysis. | A conclusion is provided, but may lack strong reasoning or connection to the analysis. | A well-reasoned, logical conclusion that is clearly derived from the analysis. | 15 (adjust based on total) |
Clarity and Organization | The critique is disorganized, unclear, or difficult to follow. | Some organizational issues, but generally clear and logical. | Well-organized, clear, and easy to follow with a logical flow of ideas. | 10 (adjust based on total) |
Adjustments: You can modify the number of levels and the weighting of each category based on the total points available for the assignment ({total points possible}). Ensure that critical categories like the application of criteria and evidence-based evaluation are weighted most heavily.
✅ Alignment with Learning Objectives
The critique assignment output successfully requires students to evaluate and make judgments about a concept, theory, or argument, aligning with the Evaluation level of Bloom’s Taxonomy.
✅ Clear Criteria for Evaluation
The assignment output provides students with clear, well-defined evaluation criteria. Students use these criteria in their output to make informed judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of the material being critiqued.
✅ Evidence-Based Judgment
The assignment output encourages students to support their critiques with relevant evidence. The output demonstrates that students used logical reasoning and examples to back up their evaluations, rather than relying solely on opinions.
✅ Application of Course Concepts
The output asks students to apply key course concepts in their critique. It confirms that students have used relevant theories or concepts to form well-reasoned judgments about the material.
Outline (5%)
In the initial stage, students submit an outline of their critique. This outline should include the material they will evaluate, the criteria they will use, and an initial thesis or judgment. The outline ensures that students are prepared and focused on the key aspects of their critique.
Draft Submission (10-12%)
Students submit a full draft of their critique, where they analyze the material, apply evaluation criteria, and offer evidence-based judgments. This draft allows students to demonstrate their critical thinking and application of course concepts in depth.
Final Critique Submission (10-13%)
After receiving feedback on their draft, students submit their final, polished critique. The final submission should demonstrate a clear, logical, and balanced evaluation of the material, with well-supported judgments and a strong, coherent argument.
The sum of weights of this suggested scaffolded structure adds up to 25-30% of the final grade. The scaffolding students develop their critique progressively, receiving feedback along the way to refine their analysis and evaluation skills while deterring AI misuse.
The prompt below is based on the C.R.E.A.T.E. Prompting Framework by Dave Birss.
Replace content within curly brackets { }. Adjust as needed.
Character: You are an experienced educational expert specializing in designing debate assignments that encourage students to evaluate arguments and defend positions through critical analysis and evidence-based reasoning.
Request: Create a debate assignment that asks students to engage in a structured debate on {specific topic, issue, or theory here}. The assignment should focus on the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy, requiring students to critically assess arguments, weigh evidence, and defend their position using well-supported reasoning. Each student or team should present their arguments, challenge opposing viewpoints, and evaluate the strength of evidence presented by both sides.
Encourage students to engage in deep critical thinking, using logic and evidence to support their claims and refute opposing arguments.
Examples:
For Political Science, students could debate the effectiveness of various political systems (e.g., democracy vs. authoritarianism), evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of each and defending their position with historical or contemporary evidence.
For Ethics, students could engage in a debate on the morality of specific actions or policies, such as capital punishment or euthanasia. They should evaluate the ethical principles involved and use logical reasoning to support their stance.
For Economics, students could debate the pros and cons of government intervention in free markets, evaluating economic theories and real-world examples to defend their position.
Steps to Scaffold the Assignment:
- Research and Position Preparation: Assign students or teams their debate topics and sides. Ask them to research the issue and prepare arguments for their position, using evidence and logical reasoning to support their stance.
- Debate Engagement: During the debate, students should present their position, offer evidence, and defend their viewpoint. They should also respond to opposing arguments by critically evaluating the evidence and logic presented by the other side.
- Reflection on Evaluation: After the debate, ask students to reflect on the arguments they presented and evaluate the overall effectiveness of their own position and the opposing side’s position. They should consider the strengths and weaknesses of both sides and explain what they learned from the debate.
Type of Output: The final submission should include:
- A written outline of the student’s or team’s main arguments and the evidence they used to support their position.
- A reflection on the debate, evaluating the strength of their own arguments and the opposing arguments, as well as insights gained from the process.
Extra: Remind students that the goal is not only to defend their position but to critically evaluate both sides of the debate. Encourage them to focus on logical reasoning and evidence, and avoid unsupported claims or emotional appeals.
The prompt below is based on the C.R.E.A.T.E. Prompting Framework by Dave Birss.
In the same chat, paste the following prompt. Replace content within curly brackets { }. Adjust as needed
Character: Now that you’ve designed a debate assignment, you are ready to create a grading rubric to evaluate student performance.
Request: Create a grading rubric to assess student performance on the debate assignment for {specific topic, issue, or theory here}. The rubric should include {number of levels} levels of achievement, and the total score should add up to {total points possible}. Each level should describe how well the student presented their arguments, evaluated opposing viewpoints, and supported their position with evidence and reasoning.
The rubric should be structured hierarchically, with more weight given to critical categories like argument development, evaluation of opposing views, and evidence-based reasoning.
Hierarchical Categories:
- Argument Development and Clarity (most important)
- How well does the student develop and present their arguments?
- Evaluate how clearly and logically the arguments are structured and whether they address the debate topic directly.
- Evaluation of Opposing Viewpoints
- Does the student effectively evaluate and respond to opposing arguments?
- Assess whether the student critically engages with the opposing side’s arguments and provides thoughtful rebuttals.
- Use of Evidence and Support
- Are the student’s arguments supported by credible evidence and reasoning?
- Consider the quality and relevance of the evidence used to back up claims and how well the student integrates it into their argument.
- Engagement and Persuasion
- How effectively does the student engage with the debate, persuade the audience, and defend their position?
- Evaluate the student’s ability to communicate persuasively, maintain audience engagement, and stay composed during rebuttals.
- Reflection on the Debate
- Has the student reflected on the strengths and weaknesses of both their arguments and the opposing side?
- Assess the depth of the student’s reflection, including any insights gained from the debate process and evaluation of their own performance.
Rubric Example:
Category | Level 1 – Below Expectations | Level 2 – Meets Expectations | Level 3 – Exceeds Expectations | Total Points Possible |
---|---|---|---|---|
Argument Development and Clarity | Arguments are unclear, poorly structured, or unrelated to the topic. | Arguments are presented but lack depth or clear structure. | Arguments are clear, well-structured, and directly address the topic. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Evaluation of Opposing Viewpoints | Little to no engagement with opposing arguments; no rebuttals provided. | Some engagement with opposing arguments, but rebuttals lack depth. | Strong engagement with opposing arguments, providing thoughtful and well-supported rebuttals. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Use of Evidence and Support | Arguments lack evidence or are based on unsupported claims. | Some evidence is used, but it may not fully support the arguments presented. | Strong use of credible evidence that fully supports the arguments. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Engagement and Persuasion | The student lacks engagement, persuasion, or struggles to defend their position. | Adequate engagement, but may lack persuasiveness or confidence during rebuttals. | Highly persuasive and engaged, maintaining audience attention and defending their position confidently. | 15 (adjust based on total) |
Reflection on the Debate | No reflection or minimal reflection provided. | Some reflection on the debate, but lacks depth or insight. | Insightful reflection on both their own and the opposing arguments, with meaningful takeaways from the debate process. | 10 (adjust based on total) |
Adjustments: You can modify the number of levels and the weighting of each category based on the total points available for the assignment ({total points possible}). Ensure that critical categories like argument development, evaluation of opposing viewpoints, and evidence-based reasoning carry the most weight.
✅ Alignment with Learning Objectives
The debate instructions require students to evaluate opposing viewpoints, form a reasoned judgment, and defend their stance with logical evidence, aligning with the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy.
✅ Evidence-Based Argumentation
The output instructs students to use data, examples, or research to substantiate their position, rather than relying on opinion alone.
✅ Critical Analysis of Opposing Views
The output instructs students to demonstrate an ability to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of each argument, showing a deep understanding of the material from multiple perspectives.
✅ Application of Course Concepts
The output instructs students to use relevant theories, frameworks, or ideas to justify their position.
✅ Persuasiveness and Communication Skills
The output instructs students to communicate persuasively and engage the audience.
✅ Reflection on the Debate Process
If applicable, the instructions include a reflective element that prompts students to assess their own performance, their understanding of the arguments, and how the debate has shaped their thinking on the issue.
Preparation and Research (5%)
In the initial stage, students gather relevant data, examples, and evidence to support their position in the debate. This preparation ensures students are ready to present logical, evidence-based arguments and understand the key concepts they will apply during the debate.
Debate Performance (10-12%)
Students participate in the debate, presenting their arguments, responding to opposing viewpoints, and defending their stance with evidence. This stage allows students to apply course concepts, analyze arguments, and demonstrate their communication and critical thinking skills.
Reflection and Analysis (10-13%)
After the debate, students submit a reflective analysis discussing their performance, how the debate influenced their understanding of the topic, and how they applied course concepts. The reflection should also evaluate their decision-making and argumentation process.
The total weight of this scaffolded structure adds up to 25-30% of the final grade. This scaffolding approach allows students to develop their debate progressively, receiving feedback at each stage, which refines their research, argumentation, and self-assessment skills while deterring misuse of AI tools.
The prompt below is based on the C.R.E.A.T.E. Prompting Framework by Dave Birss.
Replace content within curly brackets { } and don’t forget to attach your study material to the prompt.
Character: You are an experienced educational expert specializing in designing peer review assignments that encourage students to evaluate and provide constructive feedback on their peers’ work, fostering critical thinking and analysis.
Request: Create a peer review assignment where students evaluate the work of their peers based on established criteria for {specific assignment or project here}. The assignment should focus on the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy, requiring students to assess the strengths, weaknesses, and overall effectiveness of their peers’ work. The goal is to help students develop critical thinking skills by forming evidence-based judgments and providing meaningful, constructive feedback.
Students should use specific criteria to guide their review and provide well-reasoned suggestions for improvement or praise based on their analysis.
Examples:
For Writing, students could be asked to peer review a classmate’s essay, evaluating its structure, clarity, argument strength, and use of evidence. They should offer suggestions for improvement and point out areas where the essay is particularly strong.
For Presentations, students could review a peer’s presentation, evaluating the organization, delivery, and effectiveness of the visual aids. They should assess how well the content is communicated and provide feedback on improving engagement with the audience.
For Project-Based Work, students could review a group project, evaluating the creativity, accuracy, and execution of the project’s goals. They should suggest areas where the project could be refined and highlight the parts of the project that were most successful.
Steps to Scaffold the Assignment:
- Introduction to Evaluation Criteria: Provide students with the evaluation criteria they will use to review their peer’s work. These criteria should focus on specific areas such as clarity, organization, evidence, creativity, or overall effectiveness.
- Peer Review Process: Students will review the work of their peers, applying the evaluation criteria. They should provide constructive feedback, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement, all supported by evidence from the work itself.
- Feedback and Reflection: After submitting their peer review, students should reflect on the process, considering how reviewing their peer’s work helped them better understand their own strengths and areas for growth.
Type of Output: The final submission should include:
- A detailed peer review, evaluating the work based on the criteria provided and offering constructive feedback on strengths and areas for improvement.
- A reflection on the peer review process, discussing how evaluating another student’s work contributed to their own learning.
Extra: Encourage students to provide balanced feedback, highlighting both strengths and areas for improvement. Remind them that their feedback should be thoughtful and evidence-based, avoiding vague or unsupported claims.
The prompt below is based on the C.R.E.A.T.E. Prompting Framework by Dave Birss.
In the same chat, paste the following prompt. Replace content within curly brackets { }. Adjust as needed
Character: Now that you’ve designed a peer review assignment, you are ready to create a grading rubric to evaluate student performance.
Request: Create a grading rubric to assess student performance on the peer review assignment for {specific assignment or project here}. The rubric should include {number of levels} levels of achievement, and the total score should add up to {total points possible}. Each level should describe how well the student applied the evaluation criteria, critically assessed their peer’s work, and provided constructive, evidence-based feedback.
The rubric should be structured hierarchically, with more weight given to critical categories like the application of criteria, quality of feedback, and depth of analysis.
Hierarchical Categories:
- Application of Evaluation Criteria (most important)
- How effectively does the student apply the provided evaluation criteria to assess their peer’s work?
- Evaluate whether the student consistently uses the criteria to form balanced and thoughtful judgments.
- Quality and Constructiveness of Feedback
- Does the student provide constructive, actionable feedback that can help their peer improve?
- Assess how well the student offers suggestions for improvement or highlights strengths, and whether the feedback is specific and helpful.
- Depth of Analysis
- Does the student thoroughly analyze their peer’s work, identifying strengths and weaknesses?
- Evaluate the depth of the student’s analysis and whether they provide well-supported evidence for their judgments.
- Reflection on the Peer Review Process
- Has the student provided a meaningful reflection on the peer review process and its impact on their own learning?
- Consider whether the student gained insights from evaluating their peer’s work and how it has helped them reflect on their own work.
- Clarity and Organization
- Is the peer review well-organized, with clear and concise feedback?
- Assess whether the student’s review is logically presented, easy to follow, and free from vague or unsupported claims.
Rubric Example:
Category | Level 1 – Below Expectations | Level 2 – Meets Expectations | Level 3 – Exceeds Expectations | Total Points Possible |
---|---|---|---|---|
Application of Evaluation Criteria | Criteria are poorly applied or not applied at all. | Some criteria are applied, but not consistently or thoroughly. | Evaluation criteria are effectively applied, providing a balanced and thoughtful review. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Quality and Constructiveness of Feedback | Feedback is vague, unsupported, or unhelpful for improvement. | Basic feedback provided, but lacks depth or actionable suggestions. | Feedback is highly constructive, specific, and actionable, providing meaningful suggestions for improvement. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Depth of Analysis | Little to no analysis; strengths and weaknesses are not identified. | Some analysis is provided, but lacks depth or clear support. | Thorough and insightful analysis, with clear identification of strengths and weaknesses, supported by evidence. | 20 (adjust based on total) |
Reflection on the Peer Review Process | No reflection or irrelevant reflection provided. | Basic reflection, but lacks depth or insight. | Insightful reflection on the peer review process, with meaningful connections to the student’s own learning. | 10 (adjust based on total) |
Clarity and Organization | Peer review is disorganized, unclear, or difficult to follow. | Some organizational issues, but generally clear and logical. | Well-organized, clear, and concise feedback, easy to follow and professionally presented. | 10 (adjust based on total) |
Adjustments: You can modify the number of levels and the weighting of each category based on the total points available for the assignment ({total points possible}). Ensure that critical categories like the application of criteria and quality of feedback carry the most weight.
✅ Alignment with Learning Objectives
The peer review output instructs students to critically evaluate their peers’ work, applying clear evaluation criteria to assess strengths and weaknesses, aligning with the Evaluating level of Bloom’s Taxonomy.
✅ Clear Evaluation Criteria
The output provides clear, well-defined criteria for students to follow when assessing their peers’ work, ensuring the feedback is focused, structured, and aligned with course objectives.
✅ Evidence-Based Feedback
The output instructs students to provide evidence-based feedback, encouraging them to justify their evaluations with relevant examples or data from the peer’s work, rather than relying on general opinions.
✅ Constructive and Balanced Feedback
The output asks students to provide constructive feedback, highlighting both strengths and areas for improvement in their peer’s work.
✅ Reflection on the Peer Review Process
If applicable, the output includes a reflective component, asking students to assess their own role as a reviewer and how the peer review process deepened their understanding of the material.
✅ Application of Course Concepts
The output ensures that students use course concepts and theories in their evaluations. Students are expected to apply the same standards and knowledge they would use in their own work, showing a solid understanding of the material.
Peer Review Guidelines and Criteria (5%)
In the initial stage, students receive the peer review assignment and submit an outline or short response that demonstrates their understanding of the evaluation criteria they will use to assess their peers’ work. This ensures that students are focused on applying the correct standards when providing feedback.
Peer Review Submission (10-12%)
Students submit their detailed peer review, where they critically evaluate their peer’s work, providing evidence-based judgments on the strengths and weaknesses of the submission. This stage allows students to apply course concepts and evaluation criteria in a structured, logical way while offering constructive feedback.
Reflection and Self-Assessment (10-13%)
After completing the peer review, students submit a reflective analysis discussing how the peer review process deepened their understanding of the material, their approach to evaluating their peer’s work, and what they learned from the process. This reflection should show critical engagement with the task and thoughtful consideration of their role as an evaluator.
The total weight of this scaffolded structure adds up to 25-30% of the final grade. This approach ensures students engage with the evaluation process progressively, receiving feedback and refining their critical thinking and assessment skills along the way, while promoting academic integrity through thoughtful, personalized input.
Key Takeaways
At the Evaluating level, students develop the ability to make evidence-based judgments, assess the quality of arguments, and critique work against clearly defined criteria. By using scaffolded tasks, you support students in developing these critical thinking skills while promoting academic integrity. Assignments such as critiques, debates, and peer reviews are particularly effective in engaging students with evaluation, while rubrics help ensure clarity and consistency in their assessments. This approach strengthens students’ ability to evaluate and prepares them for real-world decision-making where critical judgment is paramount.
References
OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT [AI language model]. Retrieved from https://chat.openai.com.
Educational Technology Department. (n.d.). “Selecting assignment types to measure student learning.” Hostos Community College. https://commons.hostos.cuny.edu/edtech/faculty/teaching-with-technology/teaching-learning-frameworks/selecting-assignment-types-to-measure-student-learning/